For the European economy, maritime transport and related maritime industries are an important source of employment and income. Almost 90% of its external freight trade is seaborne and ensures the security of supply of energy, food and commodities. The EU aims for a 90% reduction in transport-related greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. In July 2021, the European Commission adopted a package of proposals some of which cover maritime transport, such as including for the first time shipping emissions in the EU Emissions Trading System (COM(2021) 551 final); a revised Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation, which requires ships to have access to clean electricity in major ports (COM(2021) 559 final); and the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport (FuelEU Maritime). The European Green Deal also wants to boost multimodal transport to increase efficiency of the transport system. Therefore a shift is needed from road onto rail, and inland waterways.